Derivation of Pythagorean Theorem Formula

Consider a right-angled triangle ABC, right-angled at B. Draw a perpendicular BD meeting AC at D.

In △ABD and △ACB,

• ∠A = ∠A (common)
• ∠ADB = ∠ABC (both are right angles)

Thus, △ABD ∼ △ACB (by AA similarity criterion)

Similarly, we can prove △BCD ∼ △ACB.

Thus △ABD ∼ △ACB, Therefore, AD/AB = AB/AC. We can say that AD × AC = AB².

Similarly, △BCD ∼ △ACB. Therefore,CD/BC = BC/AC. We can also say that CD × AC = BC².

Adding these 2 equations, we get AB² + BC² = (AD × AC) + (CD × AC)

AB² + BC² =AC(AD +DC)

AB² + BC² =AC²

Hence proved.

Pythagoras Theorem Triangles

Right triangles follow the rule of the Pythagoras theorem and they are called Pythagoras theorem triangles. The three sides of such a triangle are collectively called Pythagoras triples. All the Pythagoras theorem triangles follow the Pythagoras theorem which says that the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the two sides of the right-angled triangle. This can be expressed as c² = a² + b²; where ‘c’ is the hypotenuse and ‘a’ and ‘b’ are the two legs of the triangle.

Pythagoras Theorem Squares

As per the Pythagorean theorem, the area of the square which is built upon the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the area of the squares built upon the other two sides. These squares are known as Pythagoras squares.