In North America, we find another device called a GFCI or a ground fault circuit interrupter. In Europe, this is called an RCD or residual current device.
These basically monitor and compare the current in the supply and return wires to a circuit. If the current coming back is not equal to the current being supplied, then the electricity has found another path and is leaving the circuit. It could be passing through a person so the device cuts the power. This happens extremely fast and with a very small tolerance to help protect electric shocks and keep us safe.
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